Soil, Sheep, and the Work of a King
by Mike Delorenzo
God is a Farmer
August Basson knelt beside a row of rich brown soil in a field of newly planted maize and plunged his hands into the earth. With an exuberance well matched to his lively South African accent, and with the experience of a man who holds a soulful connection to the land, he carefully rubbed the moist earth between his fingers. Plunging in once again he begins to laugh. “You see this, you see this!” he exclaims. His visitors crouch down for a closer look as August unearths a prize. “It is an earthworm!” he sounds out with boyish glee. The tiny creature wriggles free of the dirt and dances in August’s calloused and careful hands. He laughs again and promptly declares it a miracle.
“I have not seen an earthworm in years. This is a good sign. It means the land is beginning to heal.”
August, along with his wife Anita, originally came to the tiny, landlocked nation of Lesotho over 16 years ago to preach. But he soon found himself preaching to people with empty stomachs. Lesotho is a nation facing a dire farming crisis, which has turned a country that once fed neighboring countries into a land that today can barely feed itself.
Known as the “Mountain Kingdom,” Lesotho, on a map, is like a thumbprint in the middle of the vast nation of South Africa. Mostly highlands – arid, rocky, windswept – Lesotho is a breathtaking display of what one missionary here described as “devastating beauty.” It’s unique history created a land with a single, homogenous culture and a people ruled over by a benevolent king. Lesotho appears to defy the stereotypes of suffering Africa: There are few signs of abject poverty. The literacy rate mirrors that of many developed, Western nations. A one hour flight spanning the country east to west reveals some very impressive infrastructure. And peace, the rarest of commodities in Africa, blankets the land. But unfortunately, peace still proves elusive to the hearts of the 1.8 million Basotho people who live here.
Lesotho is burdened with one of the highest HIV infection rates in the world. Nearly 23% of the population, one in five Basotho, are suffering from the wasting effects of the disease. And the land is wasting away as well. This sober fact is evident every time it rains.
“The biggest export of Lesotho,” August says with regret in his voice, “is the land.”
“And they don’t get one cent for it!”
He steers his Land Cruiser off the road and across a field to the edge of a plot neatly cut into rows by an ox‐drawn plough. This is a family farm. It was passed down from father to son. It will be passed down again if it can only last another generation. The rains are pouring heartily from the sky, but what should be a blessing in Africa, here reveals a curse. At the edge of the farm, the land falls off into a gully, and the gully itself into a network of others as far as the eye can see. And it immediately becomes clear that this farm was once much larger. August pops an umbrella and bounds across the field. His heart sinks as he describes what is happening. In rivulets of muddy water, the rains are carrying away what is left of the topsoil – and at an alarming rate.
“Your farm is like a living inheritance you pass on to your kids,” he explains. And then with a sigh, “They are passing on death.”
As August began to identify the agricultural disaster threatening the land and livelihoods of the people he came to serve, he quickly switched his focus from preaching to developing a program to solve the seemingly intractable problem. But he soon found his efforts were failing. Then one day famine came and August was faced with scores of people at his gates. “I can’t feed a nation!” he pleaded with the Lord. And God challenged him that perhaps he could. Or rather, God could. Perhaps everything they needed, was already provided.
Over the past few decades, basic farming has been destroyed in Lesotho. It is the fault of good intentioned missionaries as well as aid agencies and governments. There have been a lot of failed projects, programs, schemes, and systems. August summed up his frustrations, and the wrong headed approach of applying western methodologies to the uniqueness of Lesotho, in a short, sober revelation: “The plough has killed more people in Africa than any war.”
The problem was not so much the plough however. The problem lay deeper than any curl of steel could cut a field. Deeper than the gullies swallowing up the fertile soil. Deeper even than the sorrow of the Basotho who have summarily declared themselves “cursed”. The problem lay in the hearts of the people.
And if it was a problem of the heart, perhaps August had a solution after all. He discovered that farming detached from a God‐centered worldview was bound to fail here. The Basotho believe farming to be a “low” profession, and have a fatalistic approach to their land. The resultant behavior is destructive. And it has proved impossible to change this behavior without changing the beliefs behind it.
“Ideas have consequences.” He explains. “Ideas sit right at the heart of things.”
So August presented a new idea: God is a farmer. He was the first farmer. August quotes from the book of Genesis – “God planted a garden in Eden.” – and with this unexpected revelation begins to teach a new way of thinking about farming: God’s way.
Adopting a mindset called “Farming God’s Way”, August has found a means to address the ecological needs of the land, as well as the theological needs of the people. He has become a preacher once again, albeit one with muddied boots and calloused hands.
“There is a need to help people see we have a key relationship with the land – the way we view ourselves has an effect on how we deal with the land – and it all goes back to our right relationship with the Creator.”
GOD IS A SHEPHERD
One hundred miles east, high in the bouldered, treeless mountains of Lesotho, a similar transformation was slowly unfolding.
John and Shan Barry live in a small house set on a grassy knoll in a broad and beautiful valley, in the village of Molumog. The Basotho villagers here populate the valley only sparsely, and seem to easily blend with the land and bend with the wind. They are typically wrapped for warmth, in wool blankets or layered clothes, as they go about the simple and satisfying tasks of life. Except on Sundays, when nearly the whole village dutifully converges at the church adjacent to John’s house. On Sundays, they come dressed in their very best clothes. And for some the day is worship. For others it is social obligation. But for John, Sunday mornings bring a burden.
His glance wanders outside the thick stones of the sanctuary walls to the hillsides far distant. And here John is painfully reminded that there are some among the village who are not represented at church. In fact, there are some who are not even welcome. Speckled upon the hills, adrift among herds of sheep and goats and cattle, is an outcast community of shepherds doing a job which knows no sabbath, and fulfilling a societal role which places them in the single most unreached people group in Lesotho.
“The church has a heart for these boys, but in a half‐hearted way,” John explains.
Shepherds pose a unique problem. They are respected, but not socially accepted. Ranging in ages from 5 to 65, the boys and men who comprise Lesotho’s ubiquitous shepherd community work for wealthy stock‐owners who need to graze their animals in a country without provision for formal, individual land ownership. In a land without fences. So the boys live and roam with the herds. They are relegated to a life of poverty, paid in sheep and blankets, and growing up in isolation from the social fabric of their homeland.
As a result, the boys end up illiterate and unschooled. They are sometimes feared, and castigated as criminals. They lack both the manners and the clothes to show up in a church. And even if they did, they would be lost in the liturgical tradition of Lesotho’s prominent denominations.
AIM’s reach into the lives of these boys took root more than a decade ago when missionaries began to establish schools to provide a basic education and a point of evangelization for the marginalized shepherds. The schools are but shacks, scattered throughout the hills like the shepherds themselves. Today, over 700 boys are attending them. Some of the boys have become Christians. And now John has ideas for something even bigger.
In a visit to the home of a kindly Basotho woman known as Mama Tankiso, John talks about his vision. Mama Tankiso has been working with the herd boys for over twelve years. Her brightly painted home is probably one of the few places these boys feel welcome. A crew of disheveled youth loiter outside even now, and John asks her why she tries so hard to reach them.
Her response is simple and heartfelt. “I like them so much,” she says.
She tells a story about how she first began to see these boys being ignored and left out. She says it broke her heart. John, gentle in his own way and a kindred spirit with Mama Tankiso, clearly understands. He begins to share with her his idea. About how God has a special place in His heart for shepherds. And how perhaps for the shepherds of Lesotho, God has a special plan.
As John sees it, God is a shepherd. The Good Shepherd. And in this beautiful imagery is a new way of thinking about the shepherds just outside the door at Mama Tankiso’s home, and all over the country. Suddenly the shepherds were not merely an unreached people, but also messengers with the potential to reach many more. Could God use this outcast community to show what the church should be?
What if they could find 20 believers among the shepherds who could be trained in the manner of their oral traditions? What if they could create an orate Bible school to teach them stories from God’s Word. The shepherds could come to study in intervals, and in time could eventually become pastors to their own community. This could lead to a church movement. A church that affirms the shepherd’s role. A church without a building.
“I think this is what God wants them to be,” John announces. “They will be shepherds of men!”
An unconventional king
In a land ruled by a King, it’s easy to frame a worldview based on stereotypes, and resign oneself to fate and circumstance. But God has a way of turning such things on their head. He himself is a King. Yet one that left his throne and became poor for the sake of impoverished humanity. Is it any surprise then that God has also been a farmer and a shepherd?
Is it hard to believe that God still delights in the feeling of moist, fertile soil scooped up in his earth‐creating fingers. Impossible to imagine that he still cares to cradle a frightened lamb in his world‐embracing arms? That he laughs at the display of a dancing earthworm? Or smiles in a face full of wool? Is there more than just toil in one’s work? Is there also joy, and purpose, and a lesson in reconciliation?
The message to the farmers and shepherds of Lesotho is that God, amazingly, relates to their disparaged vocations. And through them, he is working out his purposes for Lesotho – taking the humble and teaching the “wise”, and quite possibly using the “hopeless” to bring hope to the whole of the Mountain Kingdom.